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Journal of Clinical Medicine Nov 2018The relationship between bruxism and tooth wear is contentious in the literature. The pathophysiological processes of tooth wear may be complicated by the relationship...
The relationship between bruxism and tooth wear is contentious in the literature. The pathophysiological processes of tooth wear may be complicated by the relationship between bruxism and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The objective of this study was to evaluate the associations among bruxism, GERD, and tooth wear. Two complementary studies were performed: a case-control study to verify the linkage between GERD and bruxism and a cross-sectional study on the same cohort to establish the connection between GERD and tooth wear in bruxism patients. A cohort of 363 consecutive bruxism patients and 363 matched control participants were recruited. Gastroesophageal reflux disease was diagnosed in accordance with the Montreal criteria. Tooth wear was scored based on the index recommended by Smith and Knight. Logistic regression analyses were performed. After adjustment, GERD was identified as a risk factor of bruxism. Bruxism with reflux symptoms for extensive time-periods was associated with severe tooth wear for the whole dentition (odds ratio, 4.70, 95% confidence interval, 2.04⁻10.83). Increased odds ratios for severe tooth wear were also found in all tooth locations and palatal/lingual and occlusal/incisal surfaces of bruxism patients with GERD for extensive time-periods. In conclusion, strong associations were identified among bruxism, GERD, and tooth wear.
PubMed: 30404150
DOI: 10.3390/jcm7110417 -
Australian Dental Journal Jun 1998The evidence for tooth sharpening has been examined and it has been concluded that there is no evidence for a posterior tooth sharpening mechanism which is independent... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
The evidence for tooth sharpening has been examined and it has been concluded that there is no evidence for a posterior tooth sharpening mechanism which is independent of masticatory function and improves the efficiency of that function. Anterior tooth sharpening may occur in some species as behavioural activity but it is not accepted that this sharpening is directed towards the production of new incisiform weapons as distinct from the improvement of existing caniniform weapons, or more efficient tools for the manipulation of food. Thegosis (from the Greek, thego to whet or sharpen) is a term which could be used to describe the sharpening of anterior teeth under specific often socially context driven situation. Stress is accepted as a cause of non-masticatory tooth to tooth contact as is the suggestion that excessive tooth grinding and clenching is pathological and stress related. Bruxism and pathological thegosis are suggested synonymous terms for this activity.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Bruxism; Cuspid; Humans; Incisor; Mastication; Molar; Self-Injurious Behavior; Stress, Physiological; Tooth Abrasion; Tooth Attrition
PubMed: 9707785
DOI: 10.1111/j.1834-7819.1998.tb00164.x -
Biology Sep 2022Combe-Grenal site (Southwest France) was excavated by F. Bordes between 1953 and 1965. He found several human remains in Mousterian levels 60, 39, 35 and especially 25,...
Combe-Grenal site (Southwest France) was excavated by F. Bordes between 1953 and 1965. He found several human remains in Mousterian levels 60, 39, 35 and especially 25, corresponding to MIS 4 (~75-70/60 ky BP) and with Quina Mousterian lithics. One of the fossils found in level 25 is Combe-Grenal IV, consisting of a fragment of the left corpus of a juvenile mandible. This fragment displays initial juvenile periodontitis, and the two preserved teeth (LLP4 and LLM1) show moderate attrition and dental calculus. The SEM tartar analysis demonstrates the presence of and filamentous types of , the former being more prevalent. This result is quite different from those obtained for the two adult Neanderthals Kebara 2 and Subalyuk 1, where more filamentous appear, especially in the Subalyuk 1 sample from Central Europe. These findings agree with the available biomedical data on periodontitis and tartar development in extant individuals, despite the different environmental conditions and diets documented by numerous archeological, taphonomical and geological data available on Neanderthals and present-day populations. New metagenomic analyses are extending this information, and despite the inherent difficulties, they will open important perspectives in studying this ancient human pathology.
PubMed: 36138831
DOI: 10.3390/biology11091352 -
The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry Oct 2021Long-term clinical data are lacking on the comparison of the survival of adhesively luted pressed e.max lithium disilicate glass-ceramic complete and partial coverage...
Comparison of 16.9-year survival of pressed acid etched e.max lithium disilicate glass-ceramic complete and partial coverage restorations in posterior teeth: Performance and outcomes as a function of tooth position, age, sex, and thickness of ceramic material.
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
Long-term clinical data are lacking on the comparison of the survival of adhesively luted pressed e.max lithium disilicate glass-ceramic complete and partial coverage restorations in posterior dentitions and the effect that different technical and clinical variables have on their survival.
PURPOSE
The purpose of this clinical study was to examine and compare the 16.9-year survival of posterior pressed e.max lithium disilicate glass-ceramic complete and partial coverage restorations and associated clinical parameters on the outcome.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Patients requiring either single-unit posterior defect-specific partial coverage or complete coverage restorations were recruited in a clinical private practice. The participants were offered the options of direct restorations, partial coverage cast gold, or glass-ceramic (lithium disilicate) restorations. Those requiring complete coverage restorations were given the options of complete cast gold, metal-ceramic, or glass-ceramic restorations. Only participants who chose glass-ceramic partial and complete coverage restorations were included in the study. The overall survival of the glass-ceramic restorations was assessed by the clinical factors determined at recall. The effect of various clinical parameters (type of restoration, dental arch, tooth position in the dental arch, age and sex of participant, and ceramic thickness) was evaluated by using Kaplan-Meier survival curves to account for attrition bias and other reasons for failure. The statistical significance of differences between parameters was determined using the log rank test (α=.05).
RESULTS
A total of 738 participants requiring 2392 lithium disilicate restorations in posterior teeth were evaluated. The mean age of the participants at the time of restoration placement was 62 (range: 20-99 years, 302 men and 436 women). Of 2392 units, 1782 were complete and 610 were partial coverage restorations. A total of 22 failures (bulk fracture or large chip) requiring replacement were recorded with the average time to failure 3.5 (0.02-7.9) years. The total time at risk computed for these units was 13227.9 years, providing an estimated failure risk of 0.17% per year. The 16.9-year estimated cumulative survival was 96.49%. The estimated cumulative survival of posterior complete (n=1782) and posterior partial coverage restorations (n=610) was 96.75% at 10.5 years and 95.27% at 16.9 years (P<.05). Of the 22, 16 failures were recorded for the complete coverage restorations. The total time at risk for these restorations was 10144.5 years, providing an estimated risk of 0.16 per year. The other 6 failures recorded occurred for the partial coverage restorations. The total time at risk for these restorations was 3083.5 years, providing an estimated risk of 0.19% per year. No statistically significant difference was found in the survival of posterior complete and partial coverage restorations among men and women, different age groups, or posterior tooth position in the dental arch (P>.05). The thickness of the restoration also had no influence on the survival of glass-ceramic posterior restorations (P>.05).
CONCLUSIONS
Pressed e.max lithium disilicate complete and partial coverage restorations showed high survival rates in posterior teeth over a 16.9-year period, with an overall failure rate of 0.17% per year. Risk of failure at any age was low for both men and women. No statistically significant difference was found in the survival of complete and partial coverage restorations, and none of the confounding variables, including the thickness of the restoration, appeared to have a significant effect on survival.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Ceramics; Dental Porcelain; Dental Restoration Failure; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Tooth; Young Adult
PubMed: 33010922
DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2020.08.013 -
Archives of Oral Biology Dec 2018The alveolar bone has a unique capacity to follow the teeth's movements. It is formed around erupting teeth and their periodontal ligaments: the more the teeth have... (Review)
Review
The alveolar bone has a unique capacity to follow the teeth's movements. It is formed around erupting teeth and their periodontal ligaments: the more the teeth have erupted, the larger the alveolar process. Throughout life the teeth erupt and migrate in an occlusal and mesial direction to compensate for attrition, an evolutionary trait. After tooth extraction, the alveolar process is resorbed to varying degrees. The mandibular alveolar bone mirrors skeletal bone condition. Due to fast bone turnover (which is the fastest in the whole skeleton), low bone mass and increased fracture risk may first be seen here. If a periapical radiograph of the mandibular premolars shows a dense trabeculation with well-mineralized trabeculae and small intertrabecular spaces, it is a reliable sign of normal skeletal bone density (BMD) and low skeletal fracture risk, whereas a sparse trabecular pattern indicates osteopenia and high fracture risk. The bone turnover rate in the mandible is twice that of the maxilla, and may, hypothetically, play a role in the development of osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ), which has been found mainly in the mandibular alveolar process?
Topics: Alveolar Process; Animals; Biomarkers; Biomechanical Phenomena; Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw; Bone Density; Bone Remodeling; Humans; Mandible; Osteoporosis; Tooth Eruption; Tooth Extraction; Tooth Movement Techniques
PubMed: 30292055
DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2018.09.016 -
BMC Oral Health Jun 2019The objective of this study was to elucidate the relationship between HIV anti-retroviral therapy and tooth wear.
BACKGROUND
The objective of this study was to elucidate the relationship between HIV anti-retroviral therapy and tooth wear.
METHODS
Assessment of tooth wear was conducted both with a survey questionnaire and clinical assessment at Russell Street Dental Clinic in Portland, Oregon. The survey questionnaire comprised of questions on study participant's gender, age, HIV status, current medications, awareness of tooth grinding or clenching, jaw soreness, tooth or gum soreness, and frequency of headaches. For the clinical evaluation, a dental provider recorded the degree of wear on each tooth using a scale of 0-3. An individual tooth-wear index was used to rank patients with regard to incisal and occlusal wear. Data analysis included descriptive analysis, tests of association and regression analysis using SPSS V.24.
RESULTS
The study sample involved 93 patients (HIV + ve = 60, HIV-ve = 33) with age range of 20-90 yrs. (mean = 49 yrs., s.d = 13.3). 92 and 67% participants of the HIV + ve and HIV-ve groups, respectively, presented with tooth wear. The mean tooth wear index was higher in HIV + ve patients than HIV-ve patients (8.2 vs. 7.8), however, this difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). A significant, positive correlation was found between HIV presence and tooth wear index, after accounting for age (B = 0.71, p < 0.05). The number of years on anti-retroviral therapy alone was positively correlated with tooth wear index (R = 0.116, p < 0.05). After controlling for age, years of anti-retroviral therapy use was positively correlated with tooth wear index (B = 0.047, p > 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
The findings from this study suggest that HIV + ve patients, who are on anti-retroviral therapy have significant tooth wear, although more studies with larger sample size are needed to confirm this. There is a critical need to initiate a dialogue with medical providers about tooth wear as a possible side effect of antiretroviral therapy and to introduce appropriate preventive measures.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; Bruxism; Community Dentistry; Cross-Sectional Studies; Dental Enamel; HIV Infections; Humans; Middle Aged; Oregon; Prevalence; Tooth Attrition; Tooth Erosion; Tooth Wear; Young Adult
PubMed: 31242887
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-019-0818-1 -
Journal of Dentistry Dec 2015To examine if there is a difference in possible sleep bruxism activity (SB) in subjects with or without attrition-type tooth wear.
OBJECTIVES
To examine if there is a difference in possible sleep bruxism activity (SB) in subjects with or without attrition-type tooth wear.
METHODS
Sixteen individuals with pronounced attritional-type tooth wear were compared with sex and aged matched controls without tooth wear by means of measurement of electromyographic (EMG) activity during a minimum of four consecutive nights of sleep. Mean age and range for the study- and control- group was 23.7 years (range 19.9-28.5) and 23.6 years (range 20.3-27.9), respectively. There were 11 females and five males in each of the two groups. The attrition group presented incisal/occlusal attrition wear into dentin and matching wear facets between opposing anterior teeth. The controls had negligible signs of incisal/occlusal wear and a minimal number of matching wear facets.
RESULTS
The prevalence of both self-reported and partner-reported SB was significantly more common in the attrition group compared to the controls (P=0.04 and P=0.007, respectively). Self-reported morning facial pain was similarly more common in the attrition group (P=0.014). Maximum opening capacity, number of muscles painful to palpation, salivary flow rate and buffering capacity were not significantly different between the groups. Interestingly, none of the measures of jaw muscle EMG activity during sleep, as recorded by the portable EMG equipment, differed significantly between the attrition group and the matched controls (P>0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
The results from this exploratory study suggest that there is no difference in EMG activity between subjects with and without attrition-type tooth wear. Further research is needed in order to substantiate these preliminary findings.
Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Bite Force; Case-Control Studies; Electromyography; Facial Pain; Female; Humans; Male; Masticatory Muscles; Pain Measurement; Polysomnography; Sex Factors; Sleep Bruxism; Temporomandibular Joint Disorders; Tooth Attrition; Tooth Wear
PubMed: 26455540
DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2015.10.002 -
Caries Research 2016This study aimed to assess the prevalence of tooth wear in different age groups of the Dutch adult population and to determine this tooth wear distribution by gender,...
This study aimed to assess the prevalence of tooth wear in different age groups of the Dutch adult population and to determine this tooth wear distribution by gender, socioeconomic class, and type of teeth. Results were compared with the outcomes of a previous study in a comparable population. As part of a comprehensive investigation of the oral health of the general Dutch adult population in 2013, tooth wear was assessed among 1,125 subjects in the city of 's-Hertogenbosch. The data collected were subjected to stratified analysis by 5 age groups (25-34, 35-44, 45-54, 55-64, and 65-74 years), gender, socioeconomic class, and type of teeth. Tooth wear was assessed using a 5-point ordinal occlusal/incisal grading scale. The number of teeth affected was higher in older age groups. Men showed more tooth wear than women, and subjects with low socioeconomic status (low SES) showed on average higher scores than those with high SES. Tooth wear prevalence found in this study was higher in all age groups than in the previous study. The present study found prevalences of 13% for mild tooth wear and 80% for moderate tooth wear, leading to the conclusion that these are common conditions in the Dutch adult population. Severe tooth wear (prevalence 6%) may however be characterized as rare. A tendency was found for there to be more tooth wear in older age groups, in men as compared with women, in persons with lower SES, and in the present survey as compared with the previous one.
Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Demography; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Netherlands; Oral Health; Prevalence; Sex Factors; Socioeconomic Factors; Statistics, Nonparametric; Tooth Abrasion; Tooth Attrition; Tooth Wear
PubMed: 27694757
DOI: 10.1159/000447020 -
Animals : An Open Access Journal From... Apr 2021While periodontal disease (PD) is the most common canine oral pathology, its prevalence varies according to diagnosis methodology, breed, and age. We intended to...
While periodontal disease (PD) is the most common canine oral pathology, its prevalence varies according to diagnosis methodology, breed, and age. We intended to increase understanding of canine PD by studying dogs that are managed in a specific way: pack dogs in Spain. They received a mixed diet (home-prepared food, commercial dry food, stale bread and bones). Thirty-two conscious individuals from two packs of dogs in Northeastern Spain (30/32 crossbred hunting dogs and 2/32 Siberian Husky; 26 males and 6 females; 27.75 ± 5.807 kgs; 5.48 ± 2.818 years) received visual dental examination for assessment of absent teeth (AT), dental calculus (DC) grade, gingival recession (GR), periodontal disease (PD), tooth fracture (TF), and dental attrition (DA). DC was the most prevalent oral problem (75%), followed by TF/DA (68.75%), AT (34.37%), GR (31.25%), and, finally, PD (15.62%). Low individual affectation values were found for AT, GR, and PD (<1 tooth/individual); mean DC grade per individual was 0.06 ± 0.063; and TF and DA were found in 1.63 and 4.72 teeth/individual, respectively. Low prevalence and extent of PD was attributed to diagnosis methodology, bodyweight effect, breed, and, ultimately, diet. Individuals affected by DC remained under veterinary surveillance due to PD development.
PubMed: 33920208
DOI: 10.3390/ani11041082 -
Australian Dental Journal Dec 2001This review illustrates, through a series of case histories, how oral medicine insights aid the diagnosis and management of patients with excessive tooth wear. The cases... (Review)
Review
This review illustrates, through a series of case histories, how oral medicine insights aid the diagnosis and management of patients with excessive tooth wear. The cases reviewed are drawn from the records of 500 southeast Queensland patients referred to the author over a 12 year period. Patients most at risk of dental erosion have work and sports dehydration, caffeine addiction, gastro-oesophageal reflux, asthma, diabetes mellitus, hypertension or other systemic diseases or syndromes that predispose to xerostomia. Saliva protects the teeth from the extrinsic and intrinsic acids which cause dental erosion. Erosion, exacerbated by attrition and abrasion, is the main cause of tooth wear. These cases illustrate that teeth, oral mucosa, salivary glands, skin and eyes should be examined for evidence of salivary hypofunction and attendant medical conditions. Based on comprehensive oral medicine, dietary analyses and advice, it would seem patients need self-management plans to deal with incipient chronic tooth wear. The alternative is the expensive treatment of pain, occlusal damage and pulp death required to repair the effects of acute severe tooth wear.
Topics: Asthma; Beverages; Bulimia; Dehydration; Diabetes Complications; Gastroesophageal Reflux; Humans; Risk Factors; Tooth Erosion; Xerostomia
PubMed: 11838870
DOI: 10.1111/j.1834-7819.2001.tb00288.x